These are the human cell enzymes generally involved in altering xenobiotic (foreign) compounds, and are often referred to as the 'drug metabolising' enzymes, since they are often involved in altering drugs. Bad reactions to drugs possibly imply a weakness in one of these enzymes. They also alter normal endogenous (internally produced proteins) catalysts of chemical reactions.
Here are some links. More will be added later:
explanation : http://www.oxfordbiomed.com/commerce/ccc2433-xenobiotic-metabolism.htm
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_metabolism
Major enzymes and pathways
Several major enzymes and pathways are involved in drug metabolism, and can be divided into Phase I and Phase II reactions:
Phase I
Oxidation
- Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system
- Flavin-containing monooxygenase system
- Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase
- Monoamine oxidase
- Co-oxidation by peroxidases
Reduction
It should be noted that during reduction reactions, a chemical can enter futile cycling, in which it gains a free-radical electron, then promptly loses it to oxygen (to form a superoxide anion).
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